England Cross Flag, Union Flag, Union Jack History
The National flag of England:
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The photo above: Union Flag
The flag of the UK is officially called the Union flag because it embodies the emblems of three countries united under one monarch.
England Cross Flag
The Union Flag is commonly known as the Union Jack, although the exact origin of the name is unclear. One explanation is that it gets its name from the “jackstaff” of naval vessels (a small flagpole at the front of Royal Navy vessels) from which the original Union Flag was flown.
The Union Flag should be flown with the broader diagonal band of white uppermost in the hoist (near the pole) and the narrower band of white uppermost in the fly (furthest from the pole).
The emblems that appear on the Union Flag are the crosses of the three patron Saints:
History of the Union Flag
The Union Flag underwent a gradual development. The first one was created in 1606, when England and Scotland were united under one King (James I of England/James VI of Scotland), by combining the flags of St George and St Andrew.
In the seventeenth century, the flag underwent several changes. After the execution of Charles I in 1649, Oliver Cromwell the Lord Protector, introduced a special Commonwealth flag consisting of St George’s cross and the gold harp of Ireland. When Charles II was restored to the throne in 1660 he reintroduced the Union Flag of James I.
The final version of the Union Flag appeared in 1801, following the union of Great Britain with Ireland, with the inclusion of the cross of St Patrick. The cross remains on the flag although only Northern Ireland now remains part of the United Kingdom.